The "C" Words defined:
Chromosome:
A structure of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) found in the nucleus that contains the genetic information of the cell in which its reproduction is a critical part in cell division, specifically mitosis. The chromosomes undergo various changes throughout the cell cycle, such as condensing together, duplicating and splitting off. |
Centrosome:
This is an organelle within the cell that produces microtubules (a microtubule organizing centre). In animal cells, the centrosome has a pair of centrioles that create spindle fibers needed in the anaphase of cell division. When the cell divides, it duplicates another centrosome, complete with its own pair of centrioles. |
Cytoplasm:
The substance that suspends the other organelles in the cell. It is mostly composed of water, but it can change its state from a liquid to a solid jelly-like substance through chemical reactions. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm stretches to form a cleavage furrow and then splits off along with a newly formed nucleus. |
Cleavage Furrow:
After the cell passes through the telophase, the 2 "nuclei" within the cell move in opposite directions, forming a gap (known as a cleavage furrow) and as cell division progresses, that gap widens until it completely splits apart. Once separated, 2 individual daughter cells can be clearly seen.
After the cell passes through the telophase, the 2 "nuclei" within the cell move in opposite directions, forming a gap (known as a cleavage furrow) and as cell division progresses, that gap widens until it completely splits apart. Once separated, 2 individual daughter cells can be clearly seen.
Cytokinesis:
After the contents of the nucleus have been replicated during mitosis, the rest of the cell is divided up during cytokinesis, a process where 2 genetically-identical daughter cells are produced. The cytoplasm, cell membrane and other organelles are split between the newly formed cells. Animal cells have their membranes pinched off at the centre (a contractile ring) while plants develop a new cell wall that separates them.
After the contents of the nucleus have been replicated during mitosis, the rest of the cell is divided up during cytokinesis, a process where 2 genetically-identical daughter cells are produced. The cytoplasm, cell membrane and other organelles are split between the newly formed cells. Animal cells have their membranes pinched off at the centre (a contractile ring) while plants develop a new cell wall that separates them.